How API Testing with C# and RestSharp

API testing is an essential part of the software development lifecycle, focusing on the communication and data exchange between different software systems. It verifies that APIs are functioning correctly and meeting performance, reliability, and security standards. Using C# with the RestSharp library simplifies the process of interacting with RESTful APIs by providing an easy-to-use interface for making HTTP requests.

How AI-driven Test Case Generation

Introduction
In today’s fast-paced software development environment, manual test case generation struggles to keep up with the ever-increasing complexity of systems, especially in Agile and DevOps-driven projects. AI-driven test case generation has emerged as a powerful solution to streamline and automate this process, leveraging artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) to improve test accuracy, efficiency, and coverage.

This lecture will explore AI-driven test case generation, how it works, its advantages and challenges, and its application in modern testing environments.


What is AI-Driven Test Case Generation?

AI-driven test case generation automates the creation and optimization of test cases using AI techniques such as machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP). By analyzing historical data, code structure, requirements, and user behavior, AI tools can produce test cases that cover critical functionalities, saving time and effort for testing teams.

Instead of manually writing test cases based on predefined requirements, AI-driven approaches can dynamically generate tests that adapt to the code, highlighting the most important areas to test, and identifying risks that human testers might overlook.


How Does AI-Driven Test Case Generation Work?

  1. Data Analysis
    AI-based tools use data from multiple sources, such as:
    • Historical test data: Past test cases, bug reports, and test execution logs.
    • User interactions: Analyzing how users interact with the system to detect potential problem areas.
    • Source code: Static code analysis to detect patterns and complexities.
    This data helps train the AI models to generate relevant test cases by learning patterns of common defects, usage scenarios, and code areas that need focus.
  2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
    NLP plays a significant role in understanding natural language specifications, like user stories or business requirements. By analyzing these documents, AI can automatically convert requirements into test cases that align with the intended behavior of the software.
  3. Model-Based Testing
    AI tools can also create models that represent the system’s behavior or user flow. Based on these models, they can generate comprehensive test cases covering all possible scenarios, edge cases, and user paths.
  4. Risk-Based Test Case Generation
    AI can prioritize test cases based on risk analysis, such as:
    • Code complexity.
    • Areas prone to defects.
    • Recently modified code.
    • Critical functionalities or components.
    This approach ensures that high-risk areas are tested more thoroughly, improving the likelihood of catching defects early.
  5. Self-Updating Test Cases
    One of the biggest advantages of AI-driven tools is the ability to maintain and update test cases automatically. As the software evolves, the AI tools can detect changes in the code and automatically adapt test cases, making it easier to keep up with rapid development cycles.

Advantages of AI-Driven Test Case Generation

  1. Speed and Efficiency
    AI tools can generate test cases much faster than manual efforts, making the process more efficient. This speed is particularly valuable in Agile and DevOps environments where rapid iteration is common.
  2. Better Coverage
    AI ensures broader and more comprehensive test coverage by analyzing patterns that humans might miss. This leads to more thorough testing, particularly in complex systems with multiple variables.
  3. Cost-Effectiveness
    Automated test generation reduces the need for extensive human intervention, significantly lowering costs associated with manual test writing and maintenance.
  4. Scalability
    AI can easily scale to accommodate large and complex projects, generating thousands of test cases quickly without needing additional resources.
  5. Adaptability
    As code changes, AI-driven tools can adapt the test cases accordingly, maintaining relevance even in dynamic development environments. This is particularly beneficial in continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines.

Challenges of AI-Driven Test Case Generation

  1. Data Dependency
    AI tools require large volumes of high-quality data to be effective. Poor or insufficient data may result in suboptimal test cases.
  2. Complex Setup
    The initial setup of AI-driven systems can be complex, requiring knowledge of AI/ML algorithms, testing frameworks, and training data. It may take time and effort before the system becomes fully functional.
  3. Tool Expertise
    Not all testing teams are familiar with AI-based tools, and additional training may be required to effectively implement and maintain these systems.
  4. Trust in AI
    Some teams may be reluctant to trust AI-generated test cases over manual ones. Ensuring that AI-driven tests align with business requirements and actual software behavior can require oversight.

Use Cases

  • Regression Testing: AI tools can quickly generate test cases for regression testing, ensuring that recent changes haven’t introduced new bugs.
  • User Experience Testing: By analyzing user behavior data, AI can create test cases to mimic real-world user scenarios, improving UX testing.
  • Security Testing: AI can identify potential vulnerabilities in the code and generate relevant test cases, helping teams catch security issues early.

Conclusion

AI-driven test case generation is transforming how software testing is performed. By leveraging AI’s ability to analyze data, adapt to changes, and optimize testing efforts, teams can increase test efficiency, improve coverage, and reduce the time and cost of testing. However, while AI offers many advantages, it requires proper setup, high-quality data, and a clear strategy to maximize its benefits.

Incorporating AI in test generation is becoming essential in today’s fast-evolving software landscape, especially in Agile and DevOps workflows.

Embracing Quality: A Deep Dive into Software Testing and Quality Assurance at Uttara University

As technology continues to evolve at a rapid pace, the demand for quality software has never been greater. In response to this need, I’m excited to announce that I will be leading a series of lectures on Quality Assurance (QA) and Software Testing at Uttara University under the EDGE project.

Why Quality Assurance Matters

Quality Assurance is more than just finding bugs; it’s about ensuring that software meets the highest standards of quality and reliability. With the increasing complexity of software applications, effective QA practices are essential for delivering products that not only meet user expectations but also perform well under real-world conditions.

Course Overview

Throughout this course, we will explore key concepts and methodologies in QA and software testing, including:

  1. Introduction to Quality Assurance: Understanding the principles of QA, its importance in the software development lifecycle, and the role of QA professionals.
  2. Testing Methodologies: Delving into various testing types such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing. We will also discuss manual vs. automated testing and when to use each approach.
  3. Test Planning and Design: Learning how to create effective test plans, design test cases, and establish testing criteria that align with project requirements.
  4. Defect Tracking and Reporting: Best practices for identifying, documenting, and communicating defects to ensure timely resolution.
  5. Tools and Technologies: An overview of popular testing tools (like Selenium, JUnit, and Postman) and how they can enhance the testing process.
  6. Real-World Applications: Case studies and practical exercises to apply the concepts learned and prepare students for real-world QA challenges.

Learning Outcomes

By the end of this course, students will be equipped with the knowledge and skills to:

  • Understand the critical role of QA in software development.
  • Develop comprehensive test plans and cases.
  • Utilize various testing tools effectively.
  • Analyze and report on testing outcomes to drive improvements.

Join the Journey

I am passionate about sharing my knowledge and experiences in QA and software testing. This course will not only provide theoretical insights but also hands-on experience that prepares students for careers in this vital field.

I look forward to engaging discussions, collaborative projects, and fostering a deeper understanding of quality assurance among aspiring software professionals.

Stay tuned for updates, and let’s embark on this journey towards achieving excellence in software quality together!

Using Paste Special in Visual Studio to Generate C# Classes from JSON

Visual Studio offers a feature called “Paste Special” that allows you to easily generate C# classes from JSON objects. This is particularly useful when working with web APIs or any JSON data, as it automates the creation of data models that match the JSON structure.

  1. Copy the JSON Object:
    • Ensure you have your JSON object copied to the clipboard. For example
  1. Open Visual Studio:
    • Launch Visual Studio and open the project where you want to add the new classes.
  2. Add a New Class File:
    • In Solution Explorer, right-click on the folder where you want to add the new class.
    • Select Add > New Item….
    • Choose Class and give it a meaningful name, then click Add.
  3. Use Paste Special:
    • Open the newly created class file (e.g., MyClass.cs).
    • Delete any default code in the class file.
    • Go to Edit > Paste Special > Paste JSON as Classes.
  4. Review the Generated Code:
  5. Visual Studio will automatically generate C# classes that correspond to the JSON structure. For the example JSON, it would generate something like this:

What Does an SQA Do in Agile? Key Contributions Explained

In the dynamic world of software development, Agile methodology has become the gold standard for delivering iterative, customer-centric products. While Agile emphasizes collaboration, flexibility, and continuous delivery, one critical element often underestimated is the role of Software Quality Assurance (SQA).

Far from being a traditional gatekeeper at the end of the development cycle, SQA in Agile is a continuous, collaborative force that ensures product quality from Day 1. Here’s how SQA contributes meaningfully across the Agile lifecycle:

1. Early Involvement in the Development Cycle

In Agile, quality is everyone’s responsibility—but SQA takes the lead from the start. Testers participate in sprint planning, backlog grooming, and story estimation, ensuring that acceptance criteria are testable and clear.

Benefits:

  • Uncover ambiguities before development starts
  • Promote shared understanding between devs, testers, and product owners
  • Improve test case alignment with business value

2. Continuous Testing

Agile favors rapid iteration. That’s where continuous testing comes in. SQA builds and maintains test automation frameworks that run across CI/CD pipelines, enabling fast feedback loops.

Key practices:

  • Automated unit, integration, and regression testing
  • Frequent smoke and sanity testing after each build
  • Shift-left testing to detect defects early

3. Collaboration with Cross-Functional Teams

In Agile, SQA doesn’t work in silos. Instead, testers collaborate closely with developers, product owners, and UX designers in a shared sprint team. They raise concerns proactively, influence technical decisions, and advocate for testability.

Contributions include:

  • Defining “Done” criteria
  • Participating in daily stand-ups and retrospectives
  • Encouraging pair testing and TDD (Test-Driven Development)

4. Exploratory and Ad-hoc Testing

Beyond scripted tests, SQA performs exploratory testing to uncover edge cases and usability flaws that automated scripts might miss. Agile welcomes changing requirements, and exploratory testing is agile enough to keep up.

Impact:

  • Enhances test coverage in high-risk areas
  • Increases product usability and customer satisfaction
  • Catches “unknown unknowns” before production

5. Continuous Feedback and Improvement

Each Agile sprint ends with a retrospective. SQA contributes by analyzing defect trends, test effectiveness, and root causes. This feedback loop helps the team refine processes, tools, and test strategies over time.

Common SQA metrics in Agile retros:

  • Defect escape rate
  • Test coverage vs. risk
  • Automation ROI
  • Time-to-detect/time-to-fix bugs

6. Risk Mitigation and Prevention

SQA identifies risks early—not just technical bugs, but also requirements volatility, environmental instability, and integration complexity. They ensure mitigation strategies are in place before these risks snowball into blockers.

Tools and techniques:

  • Risk-based testing
  • Impact analysis
  • Root cause analysis using retrospectives

7. Championing Customer-Centric Quality

In Agile, success is measured by working software that delivers value. SQA bridges the gap between business and technology by:

  • Validating user stories against customer expectations
  • Ensuring user journeys are tested across platforms
  • Advocating for accessibility, localization, and performance standards

Final Thoughts

In Agile, Software Quality Assurance is not a phase—it’s a mindset.

SQA professionals play a strategic role in maintaining speed without sacrificing quality. By embedding testing within sprints, collaborating continuously, and leveraging automation and feedback, SQA helps Agile teams build better, faster, and smarter software.

In the end, it’s not just about catching bugs—it’s about delivering confidence with every sprint.

Comprehensive Guide to API Testing: Types, Tools & Techniques

In today’s interconnected software ecosystems, APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) are the backbone of communication between services. Ensuring their performance, security, and functionality through API testing is critical. Whether you’re a developer, QA engineer, or tech enthusiast, understanding the spectrum of API testing techniques helps deliver robust and reliable software.

This guide explores the 15 essential types of API testing, complete with descriptions, workflows, and their unique purpose.

🖥️ 1. UI Testing

Purpose: To verify if the user interface that interacts with the API works correctly.

  • Tests the visible part of the application.
  • Ensures seamless user interaction with underlying APIs.
  • Usually paired with tools like Selenium or Cypress.

⚙️ 2. Functional Testing

Purpose: To ensure each API function performs as expected.

  • Follows functional specifications.
  • Compares input data with expected output.
  • Validates business logic accuracy.

Best For: Verifying correctness of API responses.


📈 3. Load Testing

Purpose: To check API behavior under normal or peak load conditions.

  • Simulates user load with tools like JMeter.
  • Measures response time and system throughput.
  • Detects bottlenecks before production.

🔥 4. Stress Testing

Purpose: To evaluate API stability under extreme or high load conditions.

  • Pushes the system beyond its limits.
  • Identifies how gracefully the system fails or recovers.
  • Essential for scalability and crash handling.

🚬 5. Smoke Testing

Purpose: To check if the basic functionality of the API is working.

  • A “quick check” with minimal test cases.
  • Ensures no major failures before deeper testing begins.
  • Answers: “Does it break immediately?”

🔗 6. Integration Testing

Purpose: To test data flow between multiple modules or services using APIs.

  • Ensures all integrated parts of the system work together.
  • Follows a test plan and compares expected vs actual results.

✅ 7. Validation Testing

Purpose: To ensure the final product meets business and functional requirements.

  • Validates input/output according to predefined standards.
  • Evaluates if the API delivers the right value to users.

🤯 8. Fuzz Testing

Purpose: To test the API’s resilience to unexpected or invalid data.

  • Sends random, malformed, or unexpected input.
  • Detects security flaws, crashes, or unhandled exceptions.

🔐 9. Security Testing

Purpose: To identify vulnerabilities and protect data integrity.

  • Checks authorization, authentication, encryption.
  • Verifies if security test specifications are met.
  • Tools: OWASP ZAP, Postman Security, Burp Suite.

🔁 10. Regression Testing

Purpose: To confirm recent changes didn’t break existing features.

  • Compares results between new and old app versions.
  • Ensures updates or bug fixes haven’t caused regressions.

🛠️ 11. Error Detection / Runtime Testing

Purpose: To identify runtime issues, errors, or performance glitches.

  • Monitors real-time dashboards for error rates, crashes, and logs.
  • Ensures stability during execution with valid input.

🌍 12. Interoperability Testing

Purpose: To verify if APIs work well with diverse systems or environments.

  • Checks compatibility across different OS, platforms, and third-party apps.
  • Critical for cross-platform applications and third-party integrations.

🔁 13. Smoke Testing (Revisited in Context)

Although already mentioned above, this type plays a vital part in every build/deployment pipeline, especially during CI/CD where a quick validation saves time.


🔬 14. UI + API Correlation

Even though UI testing is typically separate, modern testing often involves correlating UI interactions with API responses to ensure true end-to-end validation.


🧪 15. Combining Tests for Full Coverage

API testing should not be siloed. Real success lies in orchestrating various test types together—e.g., running regression tests after load tests, or security checks during integration cycles.


🧰 Final Thoughts: Tools & Tips

Popular Tools:

  • 🧪 Postman (Manual Testing)
  • ⚡ REST Assured (Automation)
  • 📊 JMeter (Load/Stress)
  • 🔐 OWASP ZAP / Burp Suite (Security)
  • 📈 Newman (Postman CLI)

Conclusion:

API testing is more than just calling endpoints. It’s a multifaceted approach involving performance, security, reliability, and usability. Mastering these 15 types of API tests empowers you to build future-ready applications that scale confidently and perform under pressure.

Types of Software Testing – A Comprehensive Breakdown for Professionals

Software testing is the backbone of delivering reliable, secure, and user-friendly applications. It ensures that the software meets expectations, both technically and functionally. This guide explores the two primary categories of software testing—Functional and Non-Functional Testing—and outlines core types under each, complete with real-world examples and use cases.

Functional Testing

Definition: Functional testing focuses on testing the software against the business requirements. It answers the question: “Does the system do what it’s supposed to do?”

1. Unit Testing

  • Purpose: To test individual components or units of code in isolation.
  • Who Performs: Developers during development.
  • Tools: JUnit (Java), NUnit (.NET), Jest (JavaScript), xUnit, Mocha.
  • Example: A login method is tested to ensure it returns the correct token when given a valid username and password.

2. Integration Testing

  • Purpose: To test the communication between integrated modules or external systems.
  • Approaches: Top-down, bottom-up, or hybrid.
  • Example: In a flight booking system, testing the integration between the booking engine and payment gateway.

3. Smoke Testing

  • Purpose: A quick test of basic functionalities to verify if the build is stable enough for further testing.
  • Example: After a new release, QAs run smoke tests to confirm login, dashboard, and logout features are functioning.

4. Sanity Testing

  • Purpose: A focused test to verify a specific bug fix or new functionality works without doing full regression.
  • Example: After fixing an issue where items couldn’t be added to the cart, sanity testing ensures that feature is now functioning.

5. Regression Testing

  • Purpose: Ensures that new updates haven’t negatively affected existing features.
  • Why Important: Frequent changes can break stable code.
  • Tools: Selenium, TestComplete, Cypress.
  • Example: After adding a new coupon feature, verifying that the checkout still works with older promo codes.

6. End-to-End Testing

  • Purpose: Simulates real user behavior across an entire system.
  • Scope: Covers all integrations like database, APIs, third-party services.
  • Example: Testing a pet insurance site: login → policy selection → payment → email confirmation.

7. Acceptance Testing (UAT)

  • Purpose: Final validation by business users or clients to ensure the software meets their needs.
  • Who Performs: End-users or business stakeholders.
  • Example: A customer verifies a new dashboard layout meets their expectations before go-live.

8. Interface Testing

  • Purpose: Ensures modules or external APIs integrate properly.
  • Example: Testing whether the CRM system correctly receives data from a web form.

9. White Box Testing

  • Approach: Tests internal logic, structure, and code paths.
  • Performed By: Developers or technically advanced testers.

10. Black Box Testing

  • Approach: Tests functionality without knowing internal code structure.
  • Performed By: QA engineers simulating real user behavior.

Non-Functional Testing

Definition: Non-functional testing focuses on how the system performs under various conditions rather than what it does.

1. Performance Testing

  • Purpose: Measures system responsiveness, speed, and stability under load.
  • Types:
    • Load Testing: Tests expected user volume.
    • Stress Testing: Tests beyond capacity to find breaking points.
    • Endurance Testing: Tests over long periods to detect memory leaks or resource exhaustion.
  • Tools: JMeter, LoadRunner, Gatling, Locust.
  • Example: An e-commerce app tested under Black Friday traffic.

2. Security Testing

  • Purpose: Detects vulnerabilities to protect from unauthorized access, data breaches, and hacking.
  • Focus Areas:
    • Authentication & authorization
    • Data encryption
    • SQL injection & cross-site scripting (XSS)
  • Tools: Burp Suite, OWASP ZAP, Nessus.
  • Example: A banking app is tested for password strength and two-factor authentication.

3. Usability Testing

  • Purpose: Ensures the software is user-friendly and intuitive.
  • Example: A stock trading app is tested to confirm users can navigate one-handed and access key functions easily.

4. Installation Testing

  • Purpose: Verifies smooth installation, upgrade, and uninstallation across platforms.
  • Example: Installing a desktop app on Windows, Mac, and Linux and validating proper setup.

5. Reliability Testing

  • Purpose: Assesses how consistently the software performs under normal use.
  • Example: Running a server monitoring tool continuously for a week to track uptime and response time.

Specialized Testing Techniques

1. Alpha Testing

  • When: Late development, before public release.
  • Who Performs: Internal QA and developers.
  • Goal: Catch bugs before handing to users.

2. Beta Testing

  • When: After alpha, in real-world user environments.
  • Who Performs: External users.
  • Goal: Get feedback on usability, compatibility, and reliability.

3. A/B Testing

  • Purpose: Compare two versions of a UI or feature to determine which performs better.
  • Common In: Marketing, UI/UX optimization.
  • Example: Two versions of a signup form tested to see which gets more completions.

4. Ad Hoc / Monkey Testing

  • Purpose: Informal testing without test cases, often exploratory.
  • When Useful: Late-stage testing or in agile environments for fast feedback.
  • Example: A tester randomly clicks buttons or inputs data to catch unexpected crashes.

Summary Table

Testing TypeCategoryPerformed ByExample Use
Unit TestingFunctionalDevelopersLogin method returns correct token
Regression TestingFunctionalQAOld checkout flow after adding discounts
Load TestingNon-FunctionalQAApp supports 1000 concurrent users
Security TestingNon-FunctionalSecurity TeamPrevent SQL injection
UATFunctionalEnd-UsersFinal confirmation of a sales dashboard
A/B TestingSpecializedMarketing/ProductChoose best email subject line

Final Takeaway

Mastering the different types of software testing is essential for delivering bug-free, scalable, and user-friendly software. A balanced mix of functional, non-functional, and exploratory testing ensures high-quality releases and happy users.

How to input value into an international number text box in selenium

Below is the text box and the corresponding HTML:

If I used sendkeys, sometimes it may not working

driver.findElement(By.name(“mainphone”)).sendKeys(“(02)2222-2222”);
driver.findElement(By.id(“mobilephone”)).sendKeys(“05-5555-5555”);

If sendkeys() methods are not working then use following two ways to input text:

Before sendkeys() use click() method to click inside textfield i.e:

driver.findElement(By.name("mainphone")).click();
driver.findElement(By.name("mainphone")).sendKeys("(02)2222-2222");   
driver.findElement(By.id("mobilephone")).click();
driver.findElement(By.id("mobilephone")).sendKeys("05-5555-5555"); 

Open chrome mobile emulator with selenium c#

Hi guys, I am going to run a test mobile emulator with selenium and VS C#

Import

using System;
using System.Threading;
using NUnit.Framework;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

Driver Utils Class

First of all delclaring the webdriver, which will be used for open specfic browser

namespace SeleniumAutomation
{
[TestClass]
public class Setup
  {
       IWebDriver webDriver;
  }
}

Open Chrome

[Test]
public void Open_Browser()
{
 webDriver = new ChromeDriver();

}

Open Chrome Mobile Emulator

 [Test]
 public void Mobile_Emulator_Browser()
 {
 ChromeOptions chromeCapabilities = new ChromeOptions();
 chromeCapabilities.EnableMobileEmulation("Pixel 5");
 webDriver = new ChromeDriver(chromeCapabilities);

 }

I think it will be helpful to run chrome in mobile emulator